[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":592},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-/articles/linggong-quanyi":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"category":582,"date":583,"description":584,"extension":585,"lastReviewed":583,"meta":586,"navigation":587,"path":588,"seo":589,"stem":590,"__hash__":591},"articles/articles/linggong-quanyi.md","外卖骑手、网约车司机的劳动权益：社保、工伤、赔偿怎么算？",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":558},"minimark",[9,18,21,24,29,32,37,40,53,59,63,66,73,77,80,87,89,93,96,106,127,132,146,155,157,161,164,167,175,179,184,191,194,212,218,221,242,247,249,253,256,259,262,269,314,320,325,336,338,341,346,353,358,370,375,383,386,388,392,395,399,410,415,429,434,448,450,454,536,538,541],[10,11,12,13,17],"p",{},"中国有超过 ",[14,15,16],"strong",{},"2亿灵活就业人员","，其中外卖骑手、网约车司机、快递员、家政服务员构成庞大的\"新就业形态\"群体。他们创造了巨大经济价值，却长期处于劳动权益保障的灰色地带。",[10,19,20],{},"2025年以来，国家密集出台政策，这个群体的处境正在发生实质性变化。",[22,23],"hr",{},[25,26,28],"h2",{"id":27},"你和平台是什么关系","你和平台是什么关系？",[10,30,31],{},"这是一切权益问题的前提。目前，骑手/司机与平台之间存在三种常见关系：",[33,34,36],"h3",{"id":35},"类型一直接劳动关系标准劳动合同","类型一：直接劳动关系（标准劳动合同）",[10,38,39],{},"平台直接与你签订劳动合同，你是正式员工，享有完整的《劳动法》保护：",[41,42,43,47,50],"ul",{},[44,45,46],"li",{},"五险一金由平台缴纳",[44,48,49],{},"工伤认定走正常程序",[44,51,52],{},"解雇需支付经济补偿金",[10,54,55,58],{},[14,56,57],{},"现实比例较低","，大多数平台不采用这种方式。",[33,60,62],{"id":61},"类型二外包劳务派遣关系","类型二：外包/劳务派遣关系",[10,64,65],{},"平台将运营外包给劳务公司，你实际与劳务公司签合同，由劳务公司缴社保、处理工伤。平台不是你的法律意义上的\"用人单位\"。",[10,67,68,69,72],{},"这是目前",[14,70,71],{},"最常见的模式","，骑手与\"XX配送公司\"签约，平台抽身。",[33,74,76],{"id":75},"类型三个人承揽关系无合同或协议承揽","类型三：个人承揽关系（无合同或协议承揽）",[10,78,79],{},"没有书面合同，你以\"合作伙伴\"或\"个体工商户\"身份接单，按完成单数获得报酬。",[10,81,82,83,86],{},"这种模式下，",[14,84,85],{},"法律保护最弱","。发生事故，平台通常主张\"无劳动关系\"，不赔偿工伤。",[22,88],{},[25,90,92],{"id":91},"如何判断自己有没有劳动关系","如何判断自己有没有劳动关系？",[10,94,95],{},"2021年人社部等8部门联合发布《关于维护新就业形态劳动者劳动保障权益的指导意见》，确立了新的认定框架：",[10,97,98,101,102,105],{},[14,99,100],{},"不完全符合确立劳动关系情形的","，但具备以下特征，应认定存在",[14,103,104],{},"劳动关系","：",[107,108,109,115,121],"ol",{},[44,110,111,114],{},[14,112,113],{},"人身从属性","：平台规定你的工作时间、区域、着装、行为规范",[44,116,117,120],{},[14,118,119],{},"经济从属性","：你的主要或全部收入来源于该平台",[44,122,123,126],{},[14,124,125],{},"组织从属性","：你必须接受平台调度，无权自主拒绝订单（或拒绝订单会被处罚）",[10,128,129,105],{},[14,130,131],{},"实务中的判断依据",[41,133,134,137,140,143],{},[44,135,136],{},"是否有固定的排班或上下班要求",[44,138,139],{},"平台是否对你实施考核、打分、处罚",[44,141,142],{},"平台是否提供设备/工服",[44,144,145],{},"你是否可以自由同时为多个竞争平台服务",[147,148,149],"blockquote",{},[10,150,151,154],{},[14,152,153],{},"关键问题","：如果你被限制只能为某一平台服务，受到管控和惩罚，实质上就是劳动关系，即使形式上签的是承揽协议。",[22,156],{},[25,158,160],{"id":159},"职业伤害保障工伤怎么算","职业伤害保障：工伤怎么算？",[33,162,163],{"id":163},"有劳动关系的情况",[10,165,166],{},"按正常工伤认定程序：",[107,168,169,172],{},[44,170,171],{},"发生事故后30日内，由单位或本人向劳动局申请工伤认定",[44,173,174],{},"认定为工伤后，享受工伤保险待遇：医疗费、停工留薪期工资、伤残补助金等",[33,176,178],{"id":177},"无劳动关系的情况多数骑手司机现状","无劳动关系的情况（多数骑手/司机现状）",[10,180,181,105],{},[14,182,183],{},"2021年起，职业伤害保障试点扩大",[10,185,186,187,190],{},"人社部在北京、上海、浙江、广东等多个省市启动新就业形态劳动者",[14,188,189],{},"职业伤害保障试点","，覆盖外卖配送、网约车、货运等平台。",[10,192,193],{},"主要特点：",[41,195,196,202,205],{},[44,197,198,201],{},[14,199,200],{},"由平台为骑手统一缴纳","职业伤害保险，个人无需缴费",[44,203,204],{},"保障项目参照工伤保险，包括医疗费、伤残赔偿、死亡补偿",[44,206,207,208,211],{},"不需要认定劳动关系，只需证明",[14,209,210],{},"执行平台任务期间","发生事故",[10,213,214,217],{},[14,215,216],{},"2025年9部门发文进一步扩大试点范围","，目标覆盖全国主要平台。",[33,219,220],{"id":220},"如何申请职业伤害保障",[107,222,223,230,236,239],{},[44,224,225,226,229],{},"事故发生后",[14,227,228],{},"立即保留证据","：现场照片、视频、目击者联系方式",[44,231,232,233],{},"向平台报告事故，并",[14,234,235],{},"保存报告记录",[44,237,238],{},"向当地社保经办机构或平台提出职业伤害认定申请",[44,240,241],{},"认定后按标准获得赔付",[147,243,244],{},[10,245,246],{},"如果平台推诿不受理，可向劳动监察投诉，要求平台按政策履行保障义务。",[22,248],{},[25,250,252],{"id":251},"社保缴纳如何保障养老和医疗","社保缴纳：如何保障养老和医疗？",[33,254,255],{"id":255},"有劳动关系",[10,257,258],{},"由单位按正常比例缴纳五险一金，个人无需额外操作。",[33,260,261],{"id":261},"无劳动关系的灵活就业人员",[10,263,264,265,268],{},"以个人身份参保，缴纳",[14,266,267],{},"养老保险 + 医疗保险","（失业、工伤、生育保险不可个人缴纳）：",[270,271,272,288],"table",{},[273,274,275],"thead",{},[276,277,278,282,285],"tr",{},[279,280,281],"th",{},"险种",[279,283,284],{},"缴纳比例（全国通行）",[279,286,287],{},"说明",[289,290,291,303],"tbody",{},[276,292,293,297,300],{},[294,295,296],"td",{},"养老保险",[294,298,299],{},"20%（个人承担全部）",[294,301,302],{},"其中8%记入个人账户",[276,304,305,308,311],{},[294,306,307],{},"医疗保险",[294,309,310],{},"各地不同（约6%~10%）",[294,312,313],{},"享受与职工同等报销待遇",[10,315,316,319],{},[14,317,318],{},"缴费基数自选","：在当地规定的上下限内，可以选择低基数降低负担，但影响退休后养老金水平。",[10,321,322,105],{},[14,323,324],{},"办理方式",[41,326,327,330,333],{},[44,328,329],{},"到户籍所在地或居住地社保局/社保服务中心办理",[44,331,332],{},"多数城市支持通过\"社保云\"APP或当地社保APP线上缴纳",[44,334,335],{},"新市民（非本地户籍）可在实际居住地参保（部分城市支持）",[22,337],{},[25,339,340],{"id":340},"最低工资和工时保护",[10,342,343,105],{},[14,344,345],{},"2026年最新政策进展",[10,347,348,349,352],{},"全国两会期间，多位人大代表提出建议，要求对新就业形态劳动者引入",[14,350,351],{},"劳动时间上限保护","，防止平台通过算法倒逼超时工作。",[10,354,355,105],{},[14,356,357],{},"现阶段（无劳动关系）情况",[41,359,360,367],{},[44,361,362,363,366],{},"最低工资标准",[14,364,365],{},"不直接适用","于承揽关系（按件计酬）",[44,368,369],{},"但如果实际存在劳动关系，最低工资保护同样适用",[10,371,372,105],{},[14,373,374],{},"2022年《平台服务协议规范指引》（行业自律）要求",[41,376,377,380],{},[44,378,379],{},"平台不得无故强制要求骑手/司机的工作时长超过8小时/天",[44,381,382],{},"应保障每周至少1天休息",[10,384,385],{},"但目前这些仍以行业指引为主，缺乏强制约束力。",[22,387],{},[25,389,391],{"id":390},"被无故封号或解除合作怎么办","被无故封号或解除合作怎么办？",[10,393,394],{},"平台单方面封号/终止合作，是骑手/司机最常遇到的纠纷之一。",[10,396,397,105],{},[14,398,163],{},[41,400,401,407],{},[44,402,403,404],{},"平台无合法理由终止，属于违法解除，可申请仲裁要求",[14,405,406],{},"2N赔偿金",[44,408,409],{},"法定解除程序（提前30天通知或支付代通知金 + N）同样适用",[10,411,412,105],{},[14,413,414],{},"承揽关系的情况",[41,416,417,423,426],{},[44,418,419,420],{},"法律保护较弱，但可主张",[14,421,422],{},"合同违约损失",[44,424,425],{},"如平台协议中约定了终止条件，但平台违反约定终止，可主张违约赔偿",[44,427,428],{},"如认定实质上存在劳动关系，按劳动法维权",[10,430,431,105],{},[14,432,433],{},"维权路径",[107,435,436,439,442,445],{},[44,437,438],{},"收集证据：接单记录、工作规则截图、收入流水",[44,440,441],{},"与平台客服书面沟通（保留聊天记录）",[44,443,444],{},"向劳动监察大队投诉（如认定有劳动关系）",[44,446,447],{},"申请劳动仲裁",[22,449],{},[25,451,453],{"id":452},"_2026年政策动态总结","2026年政策动态总结",[270,455,456,469],{},[273,457,458],{},[276,459,460,463,466],{},[279,461,462],{},"政策/进展",[279,464,465],{},"时间",[279,467,468],{},"主要内容",[289,470,471,482,493,504,514,525],{},[276,472,473,476,479],{},[294,474,475],{},"新就业形态劳动者权益保障指导意见",[294,477,478],{},"2021年",[294,480,481],{},"确立劳动关系认定新框架",[276,483,484,487,490],{},[294,485,486],{},"职业伤害保障试点扩大",[294,488,489],{},"2021-2025年",[294,491,492],{},"多省市覆盖外卖、网约车等平台",[276,494,495,498,501],{},[294,496,497],{},"9部门联合发文",[294,499,500],{},"2025年",[294,502,503],{},"进一步扩大职业伤害保障覆盖面",[276,505,506,509,511],{},[294,507,508],{},"《外卖平台服务管理基本要求》",[294,510,500],{},[294,512,513],{},"推荐性国家标准，涉及劳动时间和职业关怀",[276,515,516,519,522],{},[294,517,518],{},"全国两会建议",[294,520,521],{},"2026年",[294,523,524],{},"多位代表提出整治隐性加班、完善灵活就业保障",[276,526,527,530,533],{},[294,528,529],{},"平台企业劳动规则算法协商指引",[294,531,532],{},"2026年3月",[294,534,535],{},"规范平台算法对工作量的影响，保障协商权",[22,537],{},[25,539,540],{"id":540},"法律依据",[41,542,543,546,549,552,555],{},[44,544,545],{},"《劳动合同法》第7条、第10条 —— 劳动关系建立与劳动合同签订",[44,547,548],{},"人社部等8部门《关于维护新就业形态劳动者劳动保障权益的指导意见》（人社部发〔2021〕56号）",[44,550,551],{},"《工伤保险条例》—— 工伤认定程序与待遇",[44,553,554],{},"人社部《关于扩大新就业形态劳动者职业伤害保障试点工作的通知》（2025年）",[44,556,557],{},"《最低工资规定》—— 适用于存在劳动关系的情形",{"title":559,"searchDepth":560,"depth":560,"links":561},"",2,[562,568,569,574,578,579,580,581],{"id":27,"depth":560,"text":28,"children":563},[564,566,567],{"id":35,"depth":565,"text":36},3,{"id":61,"depth":565,"text":62},{"id":75,"depth":565,"text":76},{"id":91,"depth":560,"text":92},{"id":159,"depth":560,"text":160,"children":570},[571,572,573],{"id":163,"depth":565,"text":163},{"id":177,"depth":565,"text":178},{"id":220,"depth":565,"text":220},{"id":251,"depth":560,"text":252,"children":575},[576,577],{"id":255,"depth":565,"text":255},{"id":261,"depth":565,"text":261},{"id":340,"depth":560,"text":340},{"id":390,"depth":560,"text":391},{"id":452,"depth":560,"text":453},{"id":540,"depth":560,"text":540},"劳动维权","2026-03-27","2026年灵活就业/新就业形态劳动者权益保障最新进展：平台骑手劳动关系认定标准、职业伤害保障试点、社保缴纳方式及维权路径。","md",{},true,"/articles/linggong-quanyi",{"title":5,"description":584},"articles/linggong-quanyi","kIoUbYoITaYYd2A72XOdoHNbgPkR0-BC1k3JERtD1iM",1776399351744]